Gorm FOREIGN KEY constraint failed (1811) on AutoMigrate when set foreign_keys ON for SQLite

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Description

My model:

type User struct {
    //Main columns
    UserId        uint   `gorm:"primaryKey;autoIncrement" json:"userId"`
    UserFirstName string `gorm:"not null;default:NULL" json:"userFirstName"`
    UserLastName  string `gorm:"not null;default:NULL" json:"userLastName"`
    UserUsername  string `gorm:"not null;default:NULL;unique;<-:create" json:"userUsername,omitempty"`
    UserPassword  string `gorm:"not null;default:NULL" json:"userPassword,omitempty"`
    UserRole      URole  `gorm:"not null;default:OPERATOR" json:"userRole,omitempty"`
    UserAvatar    []byte `gorm:"default:NULL;size:2097152" json:"userAvatar"` //Avatar only allow maximum size of 2MB=2097152Bytes
    //Extra fields
    AuthLevel uint `gorm:"-:all" json:"authLevel,omitempty"`
}

type XDFirmware struct {
    FWId        string  `gorm:"primaryKey;not null;unique" json:"fwId"`
    Version     string  `gorm:"not null;uniqueIndex:idx_fw_vers" json:"version"`
    MbedVersion string  `gorm:"not null;uniqueIndex:idx_fw_vers" json:"mbedVersion"` //Version string when do `ati` command
    Freq        string  `gorm:"not null;uniqueIndex:idx_fw_vers" json:"freq"`
    TargetXdot  string  `gorm:"not null;uniqueIndex:idx_fw_vers" json:"targetXdot"` //Based on `controller.XDType`
    Checksum    string  `gorm:"not null;unique" json:"checksum"`
    Path        *string `gorm:"default:NULL;check:COALESCE(path, file_content) IS NOT NULL" json:"path"` //Path where the firmware located
    File        struct {
        FileContent *[]byte `gorm:"default:NULL;check:COALESCE(path, file_content) IS NOT NULL" json:"fileContent"`                     //Uploaded file. The firmware stored as bytes
        FileName    *string `gorm:"check:file_content IS NULL OR (file_content IS NOT NULL AND file_name IS NOT NULL)" json:"fileName"` //The name of the uploaded file
        MimeType    *string `gorm:"check:file_content IS NULL OR (file_content IS NOT NULL AND mime_type IS NOT NULL)" json:"mimeType"` //Mime type for the uploaded file
    } `gorm:"embedded" json:"file"`
    //CRUD
    CreateAt time.Time `gorm:"autoCreateTime:RFC3339" json:"createAt"`
    UpdateAt time.Time `gorm:"autoUpdateTime:RFC3339" json:"updateAt"`
    //Belongs To
    CreatedBy     *uint `gorm:"" json:"createdBy"`
    CreatedByInfo User  `gorm:"foreignKey:CreatedBy;references:UserId;constraint:OnUpdate:CASCADE,OnDelete:SET NULL;" json:"createdByInfo"`
    //Extra fields
    PathFileChecksum string `gorm:"-:all" json:"pathFileChecksum,omitempty"`
    UpFileChecksum   string `gorm:"-:all" json:"upFileChecksum,omitempty"`
}

type Item struct {
    ItemId     uint   `gorm:"primaryKey;autoIncrement" json:"itemId"`
    ItemNumber string `gorm:"not null;uniqueIndex:idx_item" json:"itemNumber"`
    XdotType   string `gorm:"not null;uniqueIndex:idx_item" json:"xdotType"`
    //CRUD
    CreateAt time.Time `gorm:"autoCreateTime:RFC3339" json:"createAt"`
    UpdateAt time.Time `gorm:"autoUpdateTime:RFC3339" json:"updateAt"`
    //Belongs To
    CreatedBy         *uint      `gorm:"" json:"createdBy"`
    CreatedByInfo     User       `gorm:"foreignKey:CreatedBy;references:UserId;constraint:OnUpdate:CASCADE,OnDelete:SET NULL;" json:"createdByInfo"`
    TestFirmware      *string    `gorm:"" json:"testFirmware"`
    TestFirmwareInfo  XDFirmware `gorm:"foreignKey:TestFirmware;references:FWId;constraint:OnUpdate:CASCADE,OnDelete:RESTRICT;" json:"testFirmwareInfo"`
    WriteFirmware     *string    `gorm:"" json:"writeFirmware"`
    WriteFirmwareInfo XDFirmware `gorm:"foreignKey:WriteFirmware;references:FWId;constraint:OnUpdate:CASCADE,OnDelete:RESTRICT;" json:"writeFirmwareInfo"`
}

I used "github.com/glebarez/sqlite" for SQlite driver

ALL_MODELS = []any{&User{}, &XDFirmware{}, &Item{}}

dsn := dbPath + "?_pragma=foreign_keys(1)"
if sDB, err := gorm.Open(sqlite.Open(dsn), &gorm.Config{SkipDefaultTransaction: true, PrepareStmt: true}); err != nil {
    return fmt.Errorf("failed to connect to server database, %v", err)
} else {
    if err := sDB.AutoMigrate(ALL_MODELS...); err != nil {
        return fmt.Errorf("failed auto migration for server database, %v", err)
    }
}

The problem occurs when referencing Item.TestFirmware or Item.WriteFirmware with the parent table XDFirmware.FWId. According to the GORM documentation, DropTable should "ignore or delete foreign key constraints when dropping": https://gorm.io/docs/migration.html#Tables

I encounter the foreign key constraint failure when running AutoMigrate.

2024/05/23 07:41:19 C:/Users/.../go/pkg/mod/github.com/glebarez/sqlite@v1.10.0/migrator.go:399 constraint failed: FOREIGN KEY constraint failed (1811)
[1.560ms] [rows:0] DROP TABLE `xd_firmwares`

I know that I can use DisableForeignKeyConstraintWhenMigrating: true to bypasses the error, but it compromises the logic as it allows the deletion of parent rows, which should be restricted due to OnDelete:RESTRICT.

Not sure if this is expected behavior or a bug. Thanks,

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Comment From: github-actions[bot]

Comment From: oPOCCOMAXAo

For migrations you could do: - in DSN set next param: _foreign_keys=false - in gorm config set DisableForeignKeyConstraintWhenMigrating: false - run Automigrate

After this your db's schema will be with new foreign keys

For work you should set param _foreign_keys=true in DSN and all will work fine