xref #26451

import numpy as np
import pandas as pd
df = pd.DataFrame(np.random.randn(3, 3),
               columns=[['i', 'i', 'j'], ['A', 'A', 'B']],
               index=[['i', 'i', 'j'], ['X', 'X', 'Y']])
pd.DataFrame(df.iloc[[0, 1]], index=['X', 'X'])

Problem description

The error message is self-explanatory, but this case should work?

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
  File "C:\Users\simon\OneDrive\code\pandas-simonjayhawkins\pandas\core\frame.py", line 389, in __init__
    dtype=dtype, copy=copy)
  File "C:\Users\simon\OneDrive\code\pandas-simonjayhawkins\pandas\core\generic.py", line 147, in _init_mg
r
    copy=False)
  File "C:\Users\simon\OneDrive\code\pandas-simonjayhawkins\pandas\core\internals\managers.py", line 1189,
 in reindex_axis
    limit=limit)
  File "C:\Users\simon\OneDrive\code\pandas-simonjayhawkins\pandas\core\indexes\multi.py", line 2245, in r
eindex
    raise ValueError("cannot handle a non-unique multi-index!")
ValueError: cannot handle a non-unique multi-index!

Expected Output

          i                   j
          A         A         B
X  0.097722  0.726944  2.751392
X  0.396623 -0.564745 -0.153548

Output of pd.show_versions()

INSTALLED VERSIONS ------------------ commit: 5a286e458f9693351c83eeaa5c484dfdd654e65c python: 3.7.3.final.0 python-bits: 64 OS: Windows OS-release: 10 machine: AMD64 processor: Intel64 Family 6 Model 58 Stepping 9, GenuineIntel byteorder: little LC_ALL: None LANG: en_GB.UTF-8 LOCALE: None.None pandas: 0.25.0.dev0+584.g5a286e458 pytest: 4.4.2 pip: 19.1.1 setuptools: 40.6.3 Cython: 0.29.7 numpy: 1.16.3 scipy: 1.2.1 pyarrow: 0.11.1 xarray: 0.12.1 IPython: 7.5.0 sphinx: 2.0.1 patsy: 0.5.1 dateutil: 2.8.0 pytz: 2019.1 blosc: None bottleneck: 1.2.1 tables: 3.5.1 numexpr: 2.6.9 feather: None matplotlib: 3.0.3 openpyxl: 2.6.2 xlrd: 1.2.0 xlwt: 1.3.0 xlsxwriter: 1.1.8 lxml.etree: 4.3.3 bs4: 4.7.1 html5lib: 1.0.1 sqlalchemy: 1.3.3 pymysql: None psycopg2: None jinja2: 2.10.1 s3fs: 0.2.1 fastparquet: 0.3.0 pandas_gbq: None pandas_datareader: None gcsfs: None

Comment From: mroeschke

Based on https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/pull/42568 which is linked near the exception it appears this is intentional so closing