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Reproducible Example

import csv
import pandas as pd

one_col_csv = """HEADER
hzhrzhjtrj
rzthyy
azr231
zrhtzrh
zrhtzrh"""

with open("dummy.csv", "w") as file:
    file.write(one_col_csv)

print(pd.read_csv("dummy.csv", sep=None))
#Bad detection of the separator, but no error

# According to the doc, csv sniffer is used in backend
# So I also tested it:
with open("dummy.csv") as fp:
    print(csv.Sniffer().sniff(fp.read(5000)).delimiter)
    # Throw an error "Could not determine delimiter" (which is better)

Issue Description

When pd.reader is used with the parameter sep=None, it failed to automaticaly detect signle column csv.

I have already read this conversation (2016): They had the same problem but come to the conclusion that the error comes csv sniffer python library.

But I think this is no longer relevant as csv.sniffer now raise an error when pandas still insist on parsing it wrong.

Expected Behavior

It should automatically detect it is a single column file, or at least raise an error.

Installed Versions

INSTALLED VERSIONS ------------------ commit : 37ea63d540fd27274cad6585082c91b1283f963d python : 3.8.16.final.0 python-bits : 64 OS : Linux OS-release : 5.19.0-41-generic Version : #42~22.04.1-Ubuntu SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Tue Apr 18 17:40:00 UTC 2 machine : x86_64 processor : x86_64 byteorder : little LC_ALL : None LANG : en_US.UTF-8 LOCALE : en_US.UTF-8 pandas : 2.0.1 numpy : 1.23.0 pytz : 2023.3 dateutil : 2.8.2 setuptools : 67.6.1 pip : 23.1 Cython : 0.29.34 pytest : None hypothesis : None sphinx : None blosc : None feather : None xlsxwriter : None lxml.etree : 4.9.2 html5lib : None pymysql : None psycopg2 : None jinja2 : 3.1.2 IPython : 8.12.0 pandas_datareader: None bs4 : None bottleneck : None brotli : None fastparquet : None fsspec : None gcsfs : None matplotlib : 3.7.1 numba : 0.56.4 numexpr : None odfpy : None openpyxl : None pandas_gbq : None pyarrow : None pyreadstat : None pyxlsb : None s3fs : None scipy : 1.10.0 snappy : None sqlalchemy : 2.0.9 tables : None tabulate : None xarray : None xlrd : None zstandard : None tzdata : 2023.3 qtpy : None pyqt5 : None