Running tests in native mode with webEnvironment set to DEFINED_PORT or RANDOM_PORT fails with error:

org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'org.springframework.boot.test.web.client.TestRestTemplateContextCustomizer$TestRestTemplateRegistrar': Runtime reflection is not supported for org.springframework.boot.test.web.client.TestRestTemplateContextCustomizer$TestRestTemplateRegistrar()
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1306) ~[native-tests:6.0.0-RC2]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBeanInstance(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1198) ~[native-tests:6.0.0-RC2]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.doCreateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:561) ~[native-tests:6.0.0-RC2]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.createBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:521) ~[native-tests:6.0.0-RC2]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.lambda$doGetBean$0(AbstractBeanFactory.java:326) ~[native-tests:6.0.0-RC2]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.getSingleton(DefaultSingletonBeanRegistry.java:234) ~[native-tests:6.0.0-RC2]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.doGetBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:324) ~[native-tests:6.0.0-RC2]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractBeanFactory.getBean(AbstractBeanFactory.java:205) ~[native-tests:6.0.0-RC2]
        at org.springframework.context.support.PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(PostProcessorRegistrationDelegate.java:122) ~[na:na]
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors(AbstractApplicationContext.java:745) ~[native-tests:6.0.0-RC2]
        at org.springframework.context.support.AbstractApplicationContext.refresh(AbstractApplicationContext.java:565) ~[native-tests:6.0.0-RC2]
        at org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.context.ServletWebServerApplicationContext.refresh(ServletWebServerApplicationContext.java:146) ~[native-tests:3.0.0-RC1]
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refresh(SpringApplication.java:730) ~[native-tests:3.0.0-RC1]
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.refreshContext(SpringApplication.java:432) ~[native-tests:3.0.0-RC1]
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.run(SpringApplication.java:308) ~[native-tests:3.0.0-RC1]
        at org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootContextLoader.lambda$loadContext$3(SpringBootContextLoader.java:134) ~[native-tests:3.0.0-RC1]
        at org.springframework.util.function.ThrowingSupplier.get(ThrowingSupplier.java:59) ~[native-tests:6.0.0-RC2]
        at org.springframework.util.function.ThrowingSupplier.get(ThrowingSupplier.java:47) ~[native-tests:6.0.0-RC2]
        at org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication.withHook(SpringApplication.java:1386) ~[native-tests:3.0.0-RC1]
        at org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootContextLoader$ContextLoaderHook.run(SpringBootContextLoader.java:514) ~[na:na]
        at org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootContextLoader.loadContext(SpringBootContextLoader.java:134) ~[native-tests:3.0.0-RC1]
        at org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootContextLoader.loadContextForAotRuntime(SpringBootContextLoader.java:115) ~[native-tests:3.0.0-RC1]
        at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContextInAotMode(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:203) ~[native-tests:6.0.0-RC2]
        at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:106) ~[native-tests:6.0.0-RC2]
        at org.springframework.test.context.support.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:125) ~[na:na]
        at org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.SpringBootDependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.outputConditionEvaluationReport(SpringBootDependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:53) ~[native-tests:3.0.0-RC1]
        at org.springframework.boot.test.autoconfigure.SpringBootDependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(SpringBootDependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:46) ~[native-tests:3.0.0-RC1]
        at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:249) ~[native-tests:6.0.0-RC2]
        at org.springframework.test.context.junit.jupiter.SpringExtension.postProcessTestInstance(SpringExtension.java:138) ~[native-tests:6.0.0-RC2]
        at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeTestInstancePostProcessors$10(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:377) ~[native-tests:5.9.1]
        at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.executeAndMaskThrowable(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:382) ~[native-tests:5.9.1]
        at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.lambda$invokeTestInstancePostProcessors$11(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:377) ~[native-tests:5.9.1]
        at java.base@17.0.5/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$3$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:197) ~[na:na]
        at java.base@17.0.5/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$2$1.accept(ReferencePipeline.java:179) ~[na:na]
        at java.base@17.0.5/java.util.ArrayList$ArrayListSpliterator.forEachRemaining(ArrayList.java:1625) ~[na:na]
        at java.base@17.0.5/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.copyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:509) ~[native-tests:na]
        at java.base@17.0.5/java.util.stream.AbstractPipeline.wrapAndCopyInto(AbstractPipeline.java:499) ~[native-tests:na]
        at java.base@17.0.5/java.util.stream.StreamSpliterators$WrappingSpliterator.forEachRemaining(StreamSpliterators.java:310) ~[na:na]
        at java.base@17.0.5/java.util.stream.Streams$ConcatSpliterator.forEachRemaining(Streams.java:735) ~[native-tests:na]
        at java.base@17.0.5/java.util.stream.Streams$ConcatSpliterator.forEachRemaining(Streams.java:734) ~[native-tests:na]
        at java.base@17.0.5/java.util.stream.ReferencePipeline$Head.forEach(ReferencePipeline.java:762) ~[na:na]
        at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.invokeTestInstancePostProcessors(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:376) ~[native-tests:5.9.1]
        at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.lambda$instantiateAndPostProcessTestInstance$6(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:289) ~[native-tests:5.9.1]
        at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73) ~[native-tests:1.9.1]
        at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.instantiateAndPostProcessTestInstance(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:288) ~[native-tests:5.9.1]
        at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.lambda$testInstancesProvider$4(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:278) ~[native-tests:5.9.1]
        at java.base@17.0.5/java.util.Optional.orElseGet(Optional.java:364) ~[native-tests:na]
        at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.ClassBasedTestDescriptor.lambda$testInstancesProvider$5(ClassBasedTestDescriptor.java:277) ~[native-tests:5.9.1]
        at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.TestInstancesProvider.getTestInstances(TestInstancesProvider.java:31) ~[native-tests:5.9.1]
        at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.lambda$prepare$0(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:105) ~[native-tests:5.9.1]
        at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73) ~[native-tests:1.9.1]
        at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.prepare(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:104) ~[native-tests:5.9.1]
        at org.junit.jupiter.engine.descriptor.TestMethodTestDescriptor.prepare(TestMethodTestDescriptor.java:68) ~[native-tests:5.9.1]
        at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$prepare$2(NodeTestTask.java:123) ~[na:na]
        at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73) ~[native-tests:1.9.1]
        at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.prepare(NodeTestTask.java:123) ~[na:na]
        at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:90) ~[na:na]
        at java.base@17.0.5/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1511) ~[native-tests:na]
        at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:41) ~[na:na]
        at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$6(NodeTestTask.java:155) ~[na:na]
        at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73) ~[native-tests:1.9.1]
        at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:141) ~[na:na]
        at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:137) ~[native-tests:1.9.1]
        at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$9(NodeTestTask.java:139) ~[na:na]
        at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73) ~[native-tests:1.9.1]
        at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:138) ~[na:na]
        at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:95) ~[na:na]
        at java.base@17.0.5/java.util.ArrayList.forEach(ArrayList.java:1511) ~[native-tests:na]
        at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.invokeAll(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:41) ~[na:na]
        at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$6(NodeTestTask.java:155) ~[na:na]
        at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73) ~[native-tests:1.9.1]
        at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$8(NodeTestTask.java:141) ~[na:na]
        at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.Node.around(Node.java:137) ~[native-tests:1.9.1]
        at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.lambda$executeRecursively$9(NodeTestTask.java:139) ~[na:na]
        at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.ThrowableCollector.execute(ThrowableCollector.java:73) ~[native-tests:1.9.1]
        at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.executeRecursively(NodeTestTask.java:138) ~[na:na]
        at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.NodeTestTask.execute(NodeTestTask.java:95) ~[na:na]
        at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.submit(SameThreadHierarchicalTestExecutorService.java:35) ~[na:na]
        at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestExecutor.execute(HierarchicalTestExecutor.java:57) ~[na:na]
        at org.junit.platform.engine.support.hierarchical.HierarchicalTestEngine.execute(HierarchicalTestEngine.java:54) ~[native-tests:1.9.1]
        at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.execute(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:147) ~[na:na]
        at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.execute(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:127) ~[na:na]
        at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.execute(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:90) ~[na:na]
        at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.lambda$execute$0(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:55) ~[na:na]
        at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.withInterceptedStreams(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:102) ~[na:na]
        at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.EngineExecutionOrchestrator.execute(EngineExecutionOrchestrator.java:54) ~[na:na]
        at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:114) ~[na:na]
        at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncher.java:95) ~[na:na]
        at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.DefaultLauncherSession$DelegatingLauncher.execute(DefaultLauncherSession.java:91) ~[na:na]
        at org.junit.platform.launcher.core.SessionPerRequestLauncher.execute(SessionPerRequestLauncher.java:60) ~[na:na]
        at org.graalvm.junit.platform.NativeImageJUnitLauncher.execute(NativeImageJUnitLauncher.java:74) ~[na:na]
        at org.graalvm.junit.platform.NativeImageJUnitLauncher.main(NativeImageJUnitLauncher.java:129) ~[na:na]
Caused by: com.oracle.svm.core.jdk.UnsupportedFeatureError: Runtime reflection is not supported for org.springframework.boot.test.web.client.TestRestTemplateContextCustomizer$TestRestTemplateRegistrar()
        at org.graalvm.nativeimage.builder/com.oracle.svm.core.util.VMError.unsupportedFeature(VMError.java:89) ~[na:na]
        at java.base@17.0.5/java.lang.reflect.Constructor.acquireConstructorAccessor(Constructor.java:68) ~[native-tests:na]
        at java.base@17.0.5/java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstanceWithCaller(Constructor.java:496) ~[native-tests:na]
        at java.base@17.0.5/java.lang.reflect.Constructor.newInstance(Constructor.java:480) ~[native-tests:na]
        at org.springframework.beans.BeanUtils.instantiateClass(BeanUtils.java:197) ~[na:na]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.SimpleInstantiationStrategy.instantiate(SimpleInstantiationStrategy.java:87) ~[native-tests:6.0.0-RC2]
        at org.springframework.beans.factory.support.AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.instantiateBean(AbstractAutowireCapableBeanFactory.java:1300) ~[native-tests:6.0.0-RC2]
        ... 91 common frames omitted

Steps to reproduce:

  1. Create a Maven project with web starter, Spring Boot version 3.0.0 RC1, Java 17
  2. Add test class:
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.DEFINED_PORT)
class SpringBoot3ProfileApplicationTests {

    @Test
    void contextLoads() {
    }
}
  1. Run ./mvnw clean -PnativeTest test

My environment: OSX, Java version 22.3.r17.ea

Comment From: wilkinsona

Thanks, @maciejwalkowiak. I believe this worked for a while (https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-boot/issues/32542) but the upgrade to Graal 22.3 and its fail-fast behavior when reflection metadata is "missing" has broken it again.